Role of Natural Selection:
Natural Selection: a mechanism by which individuals that have inherited beneficial adaptations produce more offspring on average than do other individuals.
Many chimpanzee's adaptations, physical and behavioral, have improved for the better over time, and some continue to be the same. Over the years Hither Lands has increased their forest, meaning their rainforest expanded. This causes more chimpanzees to adapt to this environment with their adaptations and be able to survive and reproduce. However living in this rainforest helps them survive by staying away from predators, but hurts them because their home is being destroyed. Chimpanzees adapted to the warm and moist temperatures of the Hither Lands Rainforest and to their land also. The four adaptations listed below give an example or description of the four main principles of the theory of natural selection, variation, overproduction, adaptation, and descent with modification. Some adaptations may apply to more than one principle.
Many chimpanzee's adaptations, physical and behavioral, have improved for the better over time, and some continue to be the same. Over the years Hither Lands has increased their forest, meaning their rainforest expanded. This causes more chimpanzees to adapt to this environment with their adaptations and be able to survive and reproduce. However living in this rainforest helps them survive by staying away from predators, but hurts them because their home is being destroyed. Chimpanzees adapted to the warm and moist temperatures of the Hither Lands Rainforest and to their land also. The four adaptations listed below give an example or description of the four main principles of the theory of natural selection, variation, overproduction, adaptation, and descent with modification. Some adaptations may apply to more than one principle.
Adaptations-
Building Nests on Tree Tops:
When Hither Lands Rainforest started to expand, more animals started moving in, many of those animals were carnivores, meaning chimpanzees might become their prey and they might become chimp's predators. Chimpanzees began building nests on tree tops to stay as far away from the ground as possible, to be able to stay away from predators and avoid them. The nests that were built on the top of trees were used by them to sleep and avoid predators by nights. Chimpanzees started adapting to sleeping on trees rather than on the ground and so did many other species living with chimps in the rainforest, such as gorillas or any other apes. In order to survive chimp had to adapt and be able to hide from their predators easier. They began building nests on tree tops to hide from their predators and not be spotted that easily.
When Hither Lands Rainforest started to expand, more animals started moving in, many of those animals were carnivores, meaning chimpanzees might become their prey and they might become chimp's predators. Chimpanzees began building nests on tree tops to stay as far away from the ground as possible, to be able to stay away from predators and avoid them. The nests that were built on the top of trees were used by them to sleep and avoid predators by nights. Chimpanzees started adapting to sleeping on trees rather than on the ground and so did many other species living with chimps in the rainforest, such as gorillas or any other apes. In order to survive chimp had to adapt and be able to hide from their predators easier. They began building nests on tree tops to hide from their predators and not be spotted that easily.
Improved Hands/Hunt for their own food:
As Hither Lands separated from the other biomes and started moving south, it started getting much warmer. When Hither Lands Rainforest started to get warmer chimpanzees started using their hands in more efficient ways. They not only used them to swing from branch to branch but to also make tools to catch their own food and make different tools or resources they needed to survive. For example, they shaped sticks and used them to get insects out nests or dig grubs out of logs. They also used the sticks they made with their own hands to catch fish for them to eat. They used stones to smash nuts open and they used leaves as sponges to soak up water for them to drink. The fact that they learned to build their own tools with their own hands in order to survive was because when Hither Lands got warmer they needed to survive. So they survived by catching food and collecting water to stay cool and not dehydrate from the temperatures. They adapted to the temperatures by find out ways to survive using their own hands. They are also able to escape predator by swinging on trees, their hands and toes help them get a great grip of branches.
As Hither Lands separated from the other biomes and started moving south, it started getting much warmer. When Hither Lands Rainforest started to get warmer chimpanzees started using their hands in more efficient ways. They not only used them to swing from branch to branch but to also make tools to catch their own food and make different tools or resources they needed to survive. For example, they shaped sticks and used them to get insects out nests or dig grubs out of logs. They also used the sticks they made with their own hands to catch fish for them to eat. They used stones to smash nuts open and they used leaves as sponges to soak up water for them to drink. The fact that they learned to build their own tools with their own hands in order to survive was because when Hither Lands got warmer they needed to survive. So they survived by catching food and collecting water to stay cool and not dehydrate from the temperatures. They adapted to the temperatures by find out ways to survive using their own hands. They are also able to escape predator by swinging on trees, their hands and toes help them get a great grip of branches.
Sharp Canine Teeth:
When Hither Lands Rainforest started to expand and get warmer, more species started to move in. Chimpanzees are omnivores, meaning they eat both plants and animals. When new species started migrating into the rainforest competition for food began between animals. Chimps had to adapt to others being in the same place they were and getting their food. Their canine teeth helped chimps eat their food, not only plants, but they also find their canine teeth useful when they catch their prey, such as monkeys, pigs, or antelopes. As more animals were around chimpanzees they had to adapt to them and if they were competing for food or when they wanted to put on a threatening display to intimidate others, they flashed their canine teeth. They only show their canine teeth to scare others off. They adapted to other foods, when animals started to come into the forest, they used their canine to be able to eat bigger prey than the usual and to stay alive by scaring off predators. Eating bigger prey helps them survive in the rainforest.
When Hither Lands Rainforest started to expand and get warmer, more species started to move in. Chimpanzees are omnivores, meaning they eat both plants and animals. When new species started migrating into the rainforest competition for food began between animals. Chimps had to adapt to others being in the same place they were and getting their food. Their canine teeth helped chimps eat their food, not only plants, but they also find their canine teeth useful when they catch their prey, such as monkeys, pigs, or antelopes. As more animals were around chimpanzees they had to adapt to them and if they were competing for food or when they wanted to put on a threatening display to intimidate others, they flashed their canine teeth. They only show their canine teeth to scare others off. They adapted to other foods, when animals started to come into the forest, they used their canine to be able to eat bigger prey than the usual and to stay alive by scaring off predators. Eating bigger prey helps them survive in the rainforest.
Living in Groups/Reproducing:
When Hither Lands Rainforest started to expand all over Hither Lands, chimpanzees started to reproduce and produce more offspring to increase their population over the years. They began adapting to all the rainforest they had around them and began producing offspring. Chimps live in groups called troops, which is made up of 30 to 80 individuals, and they are able to protect their food resources and territory. As new species started moving into the rainforest, chimps need to protect their food and territory so they adapted to that by reproducing more and being part of these groups for protection. They didn't want other animal coming into their territory and taking up their land and food. The rainforest did expand so there were more troops of chimpanzees located all over the rainforest. However once again chimpanzees are starting to die because of deforestation and destruction of their land. Chimpanzees will no longer have where to live and be able to survive. They reproduced and created these groups to protect one another and to stay alive in the rainforest. But once again they will have to adapt to the deforestation in order to not become extinct. Chimpanzees continue to produce offspring but they are still endangered, due to deforestation of their home and human hunting. Chimpanzees are social animals but they are not really alone, they always stay in groups for protection. Whenever they go hunting for food, there is always various individuals who go, no chimp ever goes alone, nor stays alone. They all need each other to survive. With overproduction, a principle of the theory of natural selection, not all baby chimpanzees may survive due to the competition for resources.
When Hither Lands Rainforest started to expand all over Hither Lands, chimpanzees started to reproduce and produce more offspring to increase their population over the years. They began adapting to all the rainforest they had around them and began producing offspring. Chimps live in groups called troops, which is made up of 30 to 80 individuals, and they are able to protect their food resources and territory. As new species started moving into the rainforest, chimps need to protect their food and territory so they adapted to that by reproducing more and being part of these groups for protection. They didn't want other animal coming into their territory and taking up their land and food. The rainforest did expand so there were more troops of chimpanzees located all over the rainforest. However once again chimpanzees are starting to die because of deforestation and destruction of their land. Chimpanzees will no longer have where to live and be able to survive. They reproduced and created these groups to protect one another and to stay alive in the rainforest. But once again they will have to adapt to the deforestation in order to not become extinct. Chimpanzees continue to produce offspring but they are still endangered, due to deforestation of their home and human hunting. Chimpanzees are social animals but they are not really alone, they always stay in groups for protection. Whenever they go hunting for food, there is always various individuals who go, no chimp ever goes alone, nor stays alone. They all need each other to survive. With overproduction, a principle of the theory of natural selection, not all baby chimpanzees may survive due to the competition for resources.
Directional Selection:
Chimpanzee's brain's size underwent directional selection. The size of their ancestor, which may be human's ancestors as well, was really small million of years ago. However now, in present day, chimpanzee's brain's size is doubled the size from their ancestors'.
Chimpanzee's brain's size underwent directional selection. The size of their ancestor, which may be human's ancestors as well, was really small million of years ago. However now, in present day, chimpanzee's brain's size is doubled the size from their ancestors'.
Timeline:
4 Part Summary:
A bottleneck event occurred in the Dryopithecus population about 14 million years ago in Hither Lands Rainforest due to the climate change and forest expansion over time on Arda. Chimpanzees and humans common ancestor is the Dryopithecus, the bottleneck occurred when these species split into two groups, Apes (Gorillas and Chimpanzees) and Ramapithecus Humans/Hominids), and the Dryopithecus species soon became extinct. Once Apes and Ramapithecus came into the world they had no way of surviving because they had not yet adapted to the environment around them, so their species started dying off. They started dying off because they didn't know how to hid from predators, catch their own food, build shelter or where to sleep, etc. Many Hominids became extinct years ago because they couldn't adapt to the environment but today Homo sapiens are the ones that have adapted more to their environment and are able to survive living wherever they can. However Apes and Ramapithecus had to become adapted to their environment so it took them a while but seeing other species around them getting adapted to that environment they started adapting themselves. The bottleneck effect took place when the Apes and Ramapithecus evolved from Dryopithecus, once they evolved they couldn't adapt to anything so their species started to die but once they saw those species around them getting adapted to the climate and all so did they and their population started to grow. After the years, when Hither Land departed from the other biomes and shifted south, Apes got used to the climate, the warm and moist temperatures and to the rain forest expansions. Apes and Ramapithecus evolved from Dryopithecus, this is the speciation event. The difference between Apes and Ramapithecus is that Ramapithecus was the first man like Ape. Apes look more like wild animals and Ramapithecus started looking more like man-kind. Apes were more violent and look scarier than Ramapithecus, one thing that differentiated them was their teeth, Apes had canine teeth that were bigger and look more scary and those of Ramapithecus. Subspecies A are the Ramapithecus, they only lived for about 1 year. They had a couple of adaptations that helped them survive to their environment. One adaptation would be that their mouth or jaw was bigger than other species that came after them and those from the apes. Their jaw or mouth was bigger, so they had a higher chance to survive because they would be able to eat whatever animal or food they wanted. They could fit really big food into their mouth because of how big it was. Their canine teeth also helped them survive because they were sharp enough, but not that big, to get a grip of food, such as meat from animals and tear it apart for them to eat. Since they were more like man they started walking on their two feet that helped them get to places on the ground quicker and not get as tired so often. Figures in the bottom under the "Ramapithecus Adaptations" section will show you pictures of their adaptations. This subspecies became extinct due to the fact that they lived and an area where there was not much food for them to feed off of. They had an advantage to survive because of the size of their mouth but they couldn't because of the lack of resources, which is why they only lived for 1 year than became extinct. Subspecies B on the other hand are still alive today but are endangered. Subspecies B are Apes, apes have a couple of adaptations that help them survive in their environment. They do not have a jaw or mouth as big as the one of a Ramapithecus but they do have bigger and sharper canine teeth. With their sharp canine teeth, they are able to eat thing that they want and able to chew the item and eat it. Apes and chimpanzees have similar adaptations because chimpanzees are apes. Apes are able to hid from their predators and escape the situation with their long and strong arms and opposite big toe on their two feet. With their long arms they are able to swing from branch to branch and they will not get tired easily. Nature allows apes to have place to live, the trees, that helps them sleep and also gives them various places on the earth ground as well as on the trees to be able to hid from their predators. Hiding from their predators keeps them alive. They are omnivores so they are able to eat both plants and animals and living in the rainforest there are various plants to eat from so apes benefit from living in the rainforest because they have a variety of plants to chose from to eat, and they will not run out of food resources. See the section of "Ape Adaptations" below to see images of some of their adaptations.
Ramapithecus Adaptations
These images show the canine teeth of Ramapithecus, their jaw or mouth size, this allowed them to eat more animals or different types of food to survive. One image also shows how they were more in a walking position, which meant they walked more and they were able to walk on the ground and get to places quicker.
Ape Adaptations
These images show ape's adaptations that help them survive in their environment, such as their sharp canine teeth that help them eat meat or whatever they desire. Their long strong arms help them swing from branch to branch on trees and be able to escape predators or just get to places by swinging on tree tops.